Arusian classifies words in a different way from European languages and it has fewer categories. Prepositions, adjectives, and conjunctions don't really exist in Arusian and their roles might be replaced by co-verbs or intransitive verbs. In this post we will show you two different views on Arusian word classes according to their morphosyntactic behavior in sentences.

Andrew's Classification

Andrew proposes a different way to classify Arusian words.

• NOMINALS: this class includes nouns, intransitive verbs (that work like nouns), pronouns (personal pronouns and U and WEI).
• PARTICLES: little words that help with sentence flow, connect words and express certain notions. For example, PUWEI connects to a noun to make a question about it (i.e.: PUWEI-PAI which place), NEPA turns a statement into a yes/no question, SA connects two nouns and PLEI is used for polite requests.
• DESCRIPTIVES: Arusian doesn't have a class of adjectives, but descriptives kind of fill their role. There are two types of descriptives. The first one is nominal descriptive, which describes nouns and usually get the -s ending when the root ends with a vowel. If it ends with a consonant, then the particle SA must be used instead. Native and foreign roots behave differently in Arusian, especially within this class. On the other hand, verbal descriptives describe verbs and explain how an action happens (kind of like adverbs in English) and they are introduced by SASA. i.e.: jekrei (to be new) becomes sasa jekreis (again). Nouns can be turned into verbal descriptives by adding SASA in front of them.
• VERBS: these are true transitive verbs that are either active or passive. They end with -R or -SE and differ from nouns in the fact that they can never take -s.