In this post you will learn how to conjugate and declinate every noun and verb in the Arusian language. Since the language is mostly analytic/isolating (actually halfway), most of the declension and conjugation will be based on glueing other morphemes to the base root.

Roots Ending in -ara or -uwa​

Arusian root system is extremely flexible, therefore you can build your own words for things that the Arusian dictionary still doesn’t have a name for. Despite the flexibility, there are a few rules you should follow to make your words sound native and natural. With less than 600 roots, you can describe anything in Arusian, although, sometimes, some speakers might prefer borrowings. In Standard Arusian, however, there is a preference for native roots over borrowings, given that borrowings are hard to adapt due to the restrictive nature of Arusian phonology. There is a limited set of syllables/moræ based on the initial consonant + rhymes structure, similar to many Asian languages, like Mandarin, Cantonese, Vietnamese, only to name a few.

Jara sa Lucas osar ma sus u payr.

“Puwei-kei sa leyek sa kluwa-ara, u-ma?” u puweise luk.

Andrew teyauwr “vai-bel keyr so”.

“Nepa-kluwa-ara belreis sasa da?”

“Su beis, u-luk!” u demse Andrew. “Tei touweis sasa otras!” u mose so sasa aru.

Keyem-dem sa kut u degreis u segr 1990 u wemr juwa-tek sa Noam Chomsky semr. Keyem pus u sa puwei sa 2 wei tuwause: Puwei-dem? Puwei-kei sa so kamr jef pus? X-Bar peyekse keyem pus u wemr Bare Phrase Structure (Deyau-Arek Auwekreis). “Move” (Ak) osar “Agree” (Dlai) u sa so oremr sasa ag.

Su-su, u-su-tekra-pei! C++ sa lu telr u sa tei-pei edse u sa tra pus. C++ ayeis u osa su agreis. Lei–kei-dem pus u oremse vot sa nuweyei-rem (software) u sa gau sa la-2026.

Vot sa lei-kei (program) degse wet sa function. "int” ramr function pus wei pruwr integer.

Work in progress!

The Arusian language is restrictive concerning syllable structure, as it only allows a fixed set of syllables to be used in building new words.

Arusian syllables in general never end with /e/, /ow/ or /i/; they never begin with a vowel (even if they do seem to begin with a vowel, there is a glottal stop there); and they can end with /f/, /m/, /p/, /d/, /s/, /ʃ/, /z/, /ʒ/, /g/ and with /t/ and /k/ (which can alternate with /ʔ/ in faster or lazy speech). The following syllables are impossible in Arusian: bi, be, be, big, mig, vi, si, se, etc.

U and WEI are “special” pronouns in Arusian, because they don’t behave like other words and personal pronouns. In this article, we will explain their functions and why they can be considered resumptive pronouns.

Resumptive pronouns are a category of pronouns that simply refer back to an element already mentioned before. They are quite common in languages like Arabic, Hebrew, and Brazilian Portuguese. Although in Portuguese they are mostly optional, albeit common in speech, in Arabic and Hebrew they are mandatory in certain syntactic structures. In Arusian, the pronouns u and wei are also mandatory, as their omission can lead to ambiguity. Resumptive pronouns in Arusian allows you to make longer and more complex sentences.

Arusian classifies words in a different way from European languages and it has fewer categories. Prepositions, adjectives, and conjunctions don't really exist in Arusian and their roles might be replaced by co-verbs or intransitive verbs. In this post we will show you two different views on Arusian word classes according to their morphosyntactic behavior in sentences.

This post aims to investigate how word order in Arusian, which is considerably freer than English, affects formality and characterises colloquial and formal registers.

INTRANSITIVE VERBS​

Arusian distinguishes transitivity and voice in verbs morphologically.

Intransitive verbs are characterised by the morphemes -a and -ei (depending on the voice). Later, we will see that they often function as nouns, and not as verbs. We will explain why this happens.